Problem

Pharmacokinetics. The following sets of data give the concentration of different drugs tha...

Pharmacokinetics. The following sets of data give the concentration of different drugs that have been administered either intravenously or orally.

(a) For Giseofulvin and Ampicilin determine the pharmacokinetic parameters for a two-compartment model. Plot the drug concentration in each compartment as a function of time. You may assume that VP = Vc.

(b) Evaluate the model parameters for Aminophylline using a two-compartment model for the intravenous injection and a three-compartment model for oral administration.

(c) If the distribution phase of a drug has a half-life of 1.2 hours and an elimination half-life of 5 hours, plot the concentration in both the peripheral compartment and the central compartment as a function of time

(1) Giseofulvin 122-mg intravenous dose (used for fungal infections)

‘(h)

0.25

0.5

1 2

3

4

5

10

20

40

C (pg/ml)

2.25

1.85

1.65 1.2

1.05

1.0

1.98

0.8

0.58

0.3

(2) 2-pyrídinium adoximine methochloride 10-mg/kg intravenous dose

/(h)

0.05

0.1

0.2

0.3 0.5

0.7

1 1.5 2.0

3.0

C (pg/ml)

30

25

18

14 8

6

4 2.8 2

1.2

(3) Ampicilin 500-mg intravenous close (used for bacterial infections)

/(h)

0.2

0.5 1 2

4 5

6

7

C (pg/ml)

400

200 100 35

10 5.8

3

1.8

(5) Aminophylline (used for bronchial allergies)

/(h)

0.1 1

2 3

4

6 8

Oral C (pmol/dm3)

0 5

11 14

15

12 6.5

Intravenous C (pmol/dm3)

26 22

17.5 14

12.5

7 5

We find that

Example 8–5 is reworked for the case of variable heat capacities.

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Solutions For Problems in Chapter 7