Prepare a bar chart of the Lake Michigan water analysis shown below. Because all of the constituents were not analyzed, an ion balance is not achieved. For the estimate of the CO2 concentration, ignore the carbonate alkalinity.
Lake Michigan at Grand Rapids, MI, Intake
Constituent | Expressed as | Milligrams per liter |
Total hardness | CaCO3 | 143.0 |
Calcium | Ca | 38.4 |
Magnesium | Mg | 11.4 |
Total iron | Fe | 0.10 |
Sodium | Na | 5.8 |
Total alkalinity | CaCO3 | 119 |
Bicarbonate alkalinity | CaCO3 | 115 |
Chloride | Cl | 14.0 |
Sulfate | SO4 | 26.0 |
Silica | SiO2 | 1.2 |
Total dissolved | 180.0 | |
Turbiditya | NTU | 3.70 |
pHa | 8.4 |
aNot in mg/L.
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