A reverse osmosis unit is to demineralize Tampa’s tertiary treated effluent. Pertinent data are as follows:
mass transfer coefficient: 0.45 L/(d · m2 · kPa) at 20ºC (winter)
mass transfer coefficient: 0.70 L/(d · m2 · kPa) at 30ºC (summer)
osmotic pressure difference between the feed and product water = 430 kPa,
The unit is designed to treat a flow of 760 m3/day at a temperature of 20ºC (winter conditions, transmembrane pressure = 2800 kPa).
(a) Determine the required membrane area using the winter conditions.
(b) Assuming the same osmotic pressure difference in summer and winter (i.e., identical water quality), determine the transmembrane pressure necessary in summer to maintain the same water flux.
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