Prepare a bar chart of the water described in Problem 10–3. Because all of the constituents were not analyzed, an ion balance is not achieved.
The following mineral analysis was reported for a water sample taken from well No. 1 at Magnolia, Illinois (Woller and Sanderson, 1976b). Determine the total, carbonate, and noncarbonate hardness (in mg · L−1 as CaCO3), using the predominant polyvalent cation definition of hardness.
Well No. 1, Lab No. B109535, April 23, 1973
(Note: All reported as mg · L−1 as the ion unless stated otherwise.)
Mineral | Concentration | Mineral | Concentration |
Iron | 0.42 | Zinc | 0.01 |
Manganese | 0.04 | Silica (SiO2) | 20.0 |
Ammonium | 11.0 | Fluoride | 0.3 |
Sodium | 78.0 | Boron | 0.3 |
Potassium | 2.6 | Nitrate | 0.0 |
Calcium | 78.0 | Chloride | 9.0 |
Magnesium | 32.0 | Sulfate | 0.0 |
Barium | 0.5 | Alkalinity | 494.035 CaCO3 |
Copper | 0.01 | pH (as recorded) | 7.7 units |
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