The following mineral analysis was reported for Michigan State University well water (Michigan Department Environmental Quality, 1979). Determine the total, carbonate, and noncarbonate hardness (in mg · L−1 as CaCO3).
(Note: All units are mg · L−1 as the ion unless otherwise stated.)
Mineral | Concentration | Mineral | Concentration |
Fluoride | 1.1 | Silica (SiO2) | 13.4 |
Chloride | 4.0 | Bicarbonate | 318.0 |
Nitrate | 0.0 | Sulfate | 52.0 |
Sodium | 14.0 | Iron | 0.5 |
Potassium | 1.6 | Manganese | 0.07 |
Calcium | 96.8 | Zinc | 0.27 |
Magnesium | 30.4 | Barium | 0.2 |
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