Calculate the total, carbonate, and noncarbonate hardness in Problem 10–1 using all of the polyvalent cations. What is the percent error in using only the predominant cations?
The following mineral analysis was reported for a water sample taken from well No. 1 at the Eastwood Manor Subdivision near McHenry Illinois (Woller and Sanderson, 1976a).
Well No. 1, Lab No. 02694, November 9, 1971
(Note:All reported as mg · L−1 as the ion unless stated otherwise.)
Mineral | Concentration | Mineral | Concentration |
Iron (2+) | 0.2 | Silica (SiO2) | 20.0 |
Manganese (2+) | 0.0 | Fluoride | 0.35 |
Ammonium | 0.5 | Boron | 0.1 |
Sodium | 4.7 | Nitrate | 0.0 |
Potassium | 0.9 | Chloride | 4.5 |
Calcium | 67.2 | Sulfate | 29.0 |
Magnesium | 40.0 | Alkalinity | 284.0 as CaCO3 |
Barium | 0.5 | pH (as recorded) | 7.6 units |
Determine the total, carbonate, and noncarbonate hardness (in mg · L−1 as CaCO3) using the predominant polyvalent cation definition in Section 10–3.
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