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please show the work. thanks What is the free energy change for the transport of calcium...
A cell biologist interested in the transport of calcium ions (Ca2+) across the plasma membrane of bacterial cells made the following measurements on bacterial cells at 25°C: Vm = -150 mV [Ca2+] outside = 20 mM [C a2+] inside = 0.4 mM Constants: R = 1.987 cal/mol degree; T = Temperature in Kelvin (273+ °C) , F=23062 cal/mol volt, z=charge of the molecule, Vm =membrane potential in V. Note: ∆Ginwards = +RTln([in]/[out]) + zFVm 94. What is the free energy...
5. What is the free energy change in transporting an uncharged molecule across the membrane of a cell from 10 M to 10 M? Is an input of free energy required for this transport? (5 points) 6. What is the free energy cost of pumping Ca out of a cell when the cytoplasmic concentration is 0.9 uM, the extracellular concentration is 1.5 mM, and the membrane potential is -70mV at a temperature of 25°C? What is the free energy cost...
1. Animal cells have a Na,K pump that couples the energy of ATP hydrolysis to transport 3 Na ions out of the cell and 2 K ions into the cell. Inside astrocytes, the concentration of Na is 20 mM and the concentration of K is 130 mM. The extracellular concentrations of Na and K are 145 mM and 5 mM, respectively. Calculate the energy required for the transport of Na and K , with this stoichiometry; assume that the cell...
In dog skeletal muscle, the extracellular and intracellular concentration of Na+ are 150 mM and 12 mM, and those of K+ are 2.7 mM and 140 mM, respectively. Calculate the total free energy change as 3 Na+ are transported out and 2 K+ are transported in by the Na+-K+ pump. Assume that the temperature is 25°C and the membrane potential is –60 mV. Give your answer in kJ/mol to 1 decimal place.
Chapter 10, Problem 04 Calculate the free energy required to move 1 mol of K+ ions from the outside of the cell (where [K+] = 3.2 mm) to the inside (where [K+] = 147 mM) when the membrane potential is -77 mV and the temperature is 37.6°C. Give your answer in kJ/mol. kJ/mol the tolerance is +/-2%
Chapter 10, Problem 04 Calculate the free energy required to move 1 mol of K+ ions from the outside of the cell (where [K+] = 3.1 mm) to the inside (where [K+] = 134 mm) when the membrane potential is -77 mV and the temperature is 34.3°C. Give your answer in kJ/mol.
1) Calculate the free energy required to move 1 mol of K+ ions from the outside of the cell (where [K+] = 3.1 mM) to the inside (where [K+] = 135 mM) when the membrane potential is -78 mV and the temperature is 34.2°C. Give your answer in kJ/mol. 2) Calculate the rate enhancement that could be accomplished by an enzyme forming one low-barrier hydrogen bond that has a free energy of -45 kJ/mol with its transition state at 31°C.
The transport of Na+ ions across a membrane, from a region where the concentration is 1 μM to a region where it is 100 μM, is coupled to the hydrolysis of ATP. Transport is opposed by a membrane potential of 70 mV. Assuming energy coupling is 100% efficient, the hydrolysis of 1 mole of ATP can drive the transport of how many moles of Na+ at 37˚C if the ΔG for ATP hydrolysis is -53.4 kJ/mol under intracellular conditions?
(a) For the following conditions, calculate the change in the Gibbs energy associated with transporting 1 mole of sodium ions from inside to outside the cell. Is work required or produced? Outside: [Na+] = 130 mM [K+] 5 mM Electrical potential = 0 mV [Na+]= [K 110 mM Electrical potential =-70 mV Temperature 25 °C Inside: 10 mM (b) For the same conditions, calculate the change in the Gibbs energy associated with transporting 1 mole of potassium ions from outside...
(1) Mitochondria regulate the concentration of calcium ions in the cytoplasm, by allowing the ions to equilibrate across the mitochondrial membrane. If the mitochondrion has a membrane potential of –150 mV relative to the cytoplasm, and the cytoplasmic concentration of Ca2+ is 1 μM, what is the mitochondrial Ca2+ concentration? Assume a temperature of 37 C. (2) The membrane calcium pump of the malarial parasite Trypanosoma cruzipumps out calcium ions from the parasite cell interior, hydrolyzing one molecule of ATP...