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Q17: G protein coupled receptors have two cavities, one opened towards the extracellular space and one...

Q17: G protein coupled receptors have two cavities, one opened towards the extracellular space and one opened towards the cytosol. What binds to the cavity opened towards the cytosol?

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Answer #1

Alpha subunit of g protein binds to the cavity opened towards the cytosol.

GPCR s are heptameric receptors, spanning the membrane. Once it encounters a ligand, it undergoes conformational changes and activates trimeric g proteins and further downstream processing of cell signalling occurs. G proteins are heteromtrimeric in nature and the three subunits are alpha, beta and gamma. The alpha subunit, in inactive g protein is associated with GDP however on activation by GPCRs, GDP are replaced by GTP.

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