Question

Question 2a

If the DNA template 5′- ATGGATGC -3′ is transcribed to RNA, the RNA would be best described as...

	a.	3′- TACCTACG -5′.
	b.	5′- ATGGATGC -3′.
	c.	5′- AUGGAUGC -3′.
	d.	5′- UACCUACG -5′.
	e.	3′- UACCUACG -5′.

Question 2b

Which answer best summarizes how eukaryotic and bacterial RNA polymerases are different?

	a.	Eukaryotes have several types of multimeric RNA polymerases, whereas bacteria only have one monomeric RNA polymerase.
	b.	Eukaryotes have several types of RNA polymerases, one of which can synthesize mRNA while coordinating mRNA processing. Bacteria only have one type of RNA polymerase, and it does not coordinate mRNA processing.
	c.	Eukaryotes and bacteria both have a single RNA polymerase, but eukaryotes have more transcription factors that allow the eukaryotic RNA polymerase to specialize in the type of gene it transcribes.
	d.	Eukaryotic RNA polymerases are made entirely of protein, while the bacterial RNA polymerase is made of protein and RNA components.
	e.	Eukaryotic RNA polymerase is able to carry out both transcription and translation, while the bacterial RNA polymerase can only transcribe DNA to RNA.

Question 2c

To earn full credit for this question, you may need to select more than one answer. Incorrect answers will deduct from the points for this question.
Transcription in eukaryotes is more complex than in prokaryotes. Why? Which of the following answers is true?

	a.	The template for transcription in prokaryotes is simple and exists as naked DNA, whereas the eukaryotic template is organized into a highly condensed chromatin structure.
	b.	Compared to a few thousand genes in prokaryotes, eukaryotes have larger genomes and tens of thousands of genes to be transcribed.
	c.	Prokaryotic cells have more internal compartmentalization than do eukaryotic cells; they have many more regions surrounded by membranes. Thus, the process of transcription can be kept simpler than it can in eukaryotic cells where transcription is often accompanied by immediate translation of the mRNA unless transcription has more complexity.
	d.	Transcription and translation takes place in the same cellular compartment in prokaryotes but in different compartments in eukaryotes.
	e.	Eukaryotes have larger genomes than prokaryotes, yet eukaryotes have fewer genes than do prokaryotes. The greater diversity of the eukaryotic proteome compared to prokaryotes is a result of alternative transcription by RNA polymerases.
	f.	Eukaryotes have larger genomes and more genes than prokaryotes, and their genomes are organized into a highly condensed chromatin structure.

Answer 1

Question 2a

Answer: option e 3'-UACCUACG-5'

Description- RNA consists of polynucleotide composed of A, C, G and U (Uridine). complimentary strand replaces A with U (because RNA does not consist T), T with A, C with G and G with C.

Question 2b

Answer: Option b - Eukaryotes have several types of RNA polymerases, one of which can synthesize mRNA while coordinating mRNA processing. Bacteria only have one type of RNA polymerase, and it does not coordinate mRNA processing.

Description - Eukaryotes have several types of RNA polymerases such as RNA polymerases I, RNA polymerases ll and RNA polymerases lll. RNA polymerases ll synthesis mRNA while coordinating mRNA processing.

Question 2c

Answer: All the options are correct except option c.

Description - prokaryotic cells are unicellular. No internal compartmentalization are found in prokarotes.