The enzyme urease catalyzes the hydrolysis of urea to ammonia and carbon dioxide:The enzym...

The enzyme urease catalyzes the hydrolysis of urea to ammonia and carbon dioxide:

The enzyme has a molecular weight of 473,000, and it contains eight independent active sites per molecule.

a. Temperature-dependence studies show that the value of the maximum velocity at 25°C is 2.2 times greater than it is at 10°C. The value of KM is not significantly affected by temperature. Calculate the enthalpy of activation ΔH‡ for this reaction.

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b. The catalytic constant per active site is about 560 s-1 at 25°C. Calculate the value of ΔS‡- for the reaction using the result of part (a). Interpret your answers to parts (a) and (b).

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c. The hydrolysis of urea also occurs in acidic solutions in the absence of any enzyme, but the rate coefficient is estimated to be 1014 times slower at 25°C. The activation energy for the acid-catalyzed reaction is 105 kJ mol-1. What temperature would be required for the acid-catalyzed reaction to occur as rapidly as the enzyme-catalyzed reaction does at room temperature?