Question

Name of Macronutrient	Subtypes of Macronutrient (We’ve listed the names to provide a framework, but explain what each means)	Food Sources (list food sources broken down by subtype of macronutrient)	Major Functions (make sure to explain each)	Recommended Intake (for you – include your demographic)	Related Health Concerns (be specific regarding how the macronutrient contributes to this health problem)
Carbohydrates	Monosaccharides Sweet, colorless, crystalline structure which contain one (mono) molecule of sugar (saccharide), with the basic CnH2nOn makeup: are the glucose and Fructose –Galactose; Sucrose, maltose and lactose Polysaccharides is a monosaccharaides bonded togehte (wikibooks). Which are simple? Monosaccharides Which are complex? Polysaccharides Both Monosacharides and Polysaccharides can be good healthy diet( wikkibooks).	Monosaccharides: glucose is found on some fruits, vegetable and honey; fructose is found in fruits, honey and corn syrup ( wikkibook) Polyasacchariders Starch (cereal grains such as wheat, oats, barley, corn rice and their products; cellulose which acts as a dietary fiber(soluble – barley-oats,rye) insoluble fiber whole grains ready to eat cereals and others) and glycogen – a storage form of glucose in the liver and muscle ( Non digestable dietary – cellulose – whole grains- green leatu vegetable; pectin- fruits, carrots, sweet potatoes. Exemple of digestable food – shellfish, animal liver.(nutrient.review,n.d)
Proteins	Essential amino acids Nonessential amino acids
Lipids	Triglycerides Phospholipids Sterols

Charts and tables are tools we use in science to break down information analytically and present data in an organized manner. It is a beneficial strategy for learning about and organizing scientific material, which we will be using often in this class. Make sure that you are detailed, thorough, and specific in your responses. Explain yourself clearly. Do not list a word or brief phrase without explaining what it means. For example, if you list diabetes for carbohydrates, make sure you explain how carbs are associated with diabetes. Don't leave the reader to make that connection for you. Also, make sure you provide APA-style references for each of your so

Answer 1

CARBOHYDRATES

Major Functions	Recommended intake	Related Health concerns
They are the main source of energy. Storage form of energy in the body(glycogen). In the form of glycoproteins and glycolipids they serve as cell membrane components that mediate some forms of intercellular communication.(Source- Lippincott's textbook of biochemistry)	130 gm/ day	1) Dental caries- excessive amount and high frequency of sugar intake leads to a low ph of oral cavity which causes demineralisation of the tooth structure leading to dental caries.(source-sturdevant's art and science of operative dentistry) 2)Diabetes mellitus - excess sugar intake in people with impaired insulin secretion leads to a condition called diabetes. In this the body is not able to secrete enough insulin which can convert glucose into glycogen.( Source- Guyton textbook of medical physiology)

Proteins

Food Sources	Major Functions	Recommended daily intake	Related health concerns
Essential amino acids: Found in milk, eggs and liver,beef,cheese,chick ch, cashew nuts. Non- Essential amino acids: These are typically acquired by diet, as the body manufactures them.(Source-Lippincott's textbook of biochemistry)	1. Proteins are required in the formation of enzymes and hormones. 2. Collagen, the structural protein is found in bones, cartilages and teeth. 3. Proteins such as haemoglobin and albumin help to maintain blood functions. 4. Proteins are an essential component of cell membranes.(Source- Lippincott's textbook of biochemistry)	0.8 gm/kg of body weight.(Source- Harvard health blog).	1) Kwashiorkor- It is caused by deficiency of proteins in children. There is failure to grow, lethargy,oedema, depressed mentality.( Source- Guyton's textbook of medical physiology). 2) Marasmus- Caused by protein and carbohydrates deficiency.It leads to weakened body.

Lipids

Food Sources	Major Functions	Recommended daily intake	Related health concerns
Triglycerides: canned fish packed in oil, coconut. Phospholipids- yolk, wheat germ oil, soyabean. Sterols- peanuts, olive oil,whea w germ.	1. Storage form of energy ( triacylglycerol).    2. Help in the absorption of fat soluble vitamins like A,D,E and K. 3. Structural components of Biomembranes in the form of phospholipids and cholesterol. 4. Provides insulation against changes in external temperature. (Source- Textbook of medical biochemistry by vasudevan)	Dietary intake of fats in 20-35% of total calories from fat.	1.Obesity: Due to deposit of excess fats. 2.Cardiovascular diseases: Due to abnormal cholesterol metabolism. For example- atherosclerosis which is caused due to the build-up of fats and cholesterol on the walls of arteries which leads to reduced blood flow.

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