Question

Please help

Please help me how to know about insulin as a nurse how you calculation for insulin and

how many kind of insulin

how you do to give to the patient

Answer 1

Insulin injection is used to control blood sugar in people who have type 1 diabetes mellitus. It works by the following ways:-

1. decreases blood glucose by;

transporting glucose into cells & inhibit conversion of glycogen and amino acids to glucose

2. facilitates passage of glucose into cells for energy

3. Suppresses excess production of sugar in the liver and muscles, and the breakdown of fat for energy

4. Can't be given PO as GI secretions destroy insulin structure

5. Adverse effect = hypoglycemia

# Where is insulin absorbed most :-

- abdomen

- arms and legs

# Rules for storing insulin.

1. Store current vial at room temp, back up vials in the fridge

2. Should have a back up vial at all times

3. Good for 3 months in the fridge

4. Prefilled syringes good for 3 weeks in the fridge

5. Date opened vial

6. Inspect for clumping, color changes, etc.

# Important things to remember about the injection site.

1. Some clients may develop uticaria at the injection site

2. Do not massage injection sites

# Types of of insulin are :-

1. rapid acting

2. short acting

3. intermediate acting

4. long acting

5. combination

# How to give insulin injection :-

Wash your hands with soap and water before injecting.

Put a new needle onto your pen.

Remove the caps of the pen needle.

Hold the pen upright and perform an ‘air shot’. This requires dialling up at least 2 units and pressing the plunger to expel a test shot of insulin. This helps to clear any bubbles out of the needle. If you do not get a steady stream, repeat the air shot until you do get a steady stream of insulin coming out.

Dial up your dose.

Pick a soft fatty area to inject. Tops of thighs, belly, bum and triceps (triceps; the top and back of the upper arm, are not always recommended for children or thinner people).

Some people may need to raise a fold of fatty flesh slightly between your thumb and fingers. If you are unsure about whether you need to do this, ask your health team.

Put the needle in and keep the pen steady.

Push the plunger relatively slowly to inject the dose.

After the dose has been injected, hold the needle in for a good 10 seconds to help insulin get delivered and prevent any of the dose escaping out.

Ensure that the used needle bin is deposited into a sharps bin.

# Insulin is given according to the sliding scale :-

Regular Insulin Sliding Scale Blood sugar Low dose Mod dose High dose (mg/dl)scale <70 70-130 131-180 181-240 241-300 301-50 351-400 scale scale Initiate hypoglycemia protocol 4 12 16 20 24 28 4 10 12 16 20 10 12 400