Codons are the sequences of the nucleotide triplets. They are defined by genetic codes. A codon is present in the sequence of nucleic acids and each codon determines an amino acid.
Most of the genes are determined with standard genetic code. The genetic codes do not store all the genetic information. It can be expressed with 64 codons in a simple table. The genetic code defines the codons and specifies the next amino acid during protein synthesis.
In eukaryotes, the locations of binding sites for the RNAs and positions of spliceosomes will determine the 5' and 3' splice sites where introns are removed. The site must be encoded in the DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid). The sum of all the sequences that encode proteins and RNAs and the binding sites constitute the information in the genome.
There is a possibility to create 64 dissimilar codons. Each triplet codon is made from three nucleotides.
To explain this with an example, an RNA (ribonucleic acid) sequence of UAUGAACGC is taken. This reading frame will be started with U in the direction of 5' – 3'. Three codons are three in this sequence. They are UAU, GAA, and CGC. Each codon signifies an amino acid. Hence, this will be translated to a tri-peptide with three amino acids.