The below table shows where mitosis and meiosis occur in the given plants:
Organisms | Mitosis | Meiosis |
Fern | Sporophyte, gametophyte | Sporangium |
Moss | Sporophyte, gametophyte | Sporophyte Antheridium (male), archgonium (female) |
Flowering plant | Sporophyte, gametophyte | Sporophyte (anther-male and ovule-female) |
Pine tree | Sporophyte, gametophyte | Sporophyte (pine cone) |
Mushroom | Sporophyte, gametophyte | Sporophyte (ascus and basidium) |
Frog | Somatic cells | Gonads (male and female) |
Butterfly | Somatic cells | Gonads (male and female) |
Snail | Somatic cells | Gonads (male and female) |
Ferns are vascular plants and they reproduce through spores. They have a life cycle called alternation of generations characterized by alternating diploid sporophytic (2n) and haploid gametophytic (n) phases. The diploid sporophyte phase produces haploid spores by meiosis. The spores grow to become a haploid gametophyte by mitosis and the gametophyte produces gametes by mitosis.
Mosses are non-vascular plants. The life-cycle starts with a haploid spore, which germinates into protonema. From the protonema, grows gametophores. From the tip of gametophores develop sex organs. Female organs are archegonium and male organs are antheridium. After fertilization diploid sporophyte is produced. Spore producing cells undergo meiosis in the mature sporophyte.
In flowering plants, are seed producing plants and mitosis occurs in sporophyte and gametophyte, whereas meiosis occurs in anther and ovule of male and female sex organs respectively.
In pine tree, the non-flowering plant, sporophytes are in diploid stage. In the life cycle of such plants haploid spores are produced through meiosis. Gametophytes are in haploid stage in the life cycle of plants that produces haploid gametes through meiosis.
In mushroom is a fungi and spores are produced instead of seeds. The hyphae develop special structures that produce asexual spores by mitosis. In the specialized cells called dikaryotic cell, the nuclei fuse and produce a diploid zygote, which undergoes meiosis to produce spores.
In frog, butterfly, and snail the mitosis takes place in the body cells and the meiosis takes place in gonads to produce gametes.