Solutions For An Introduction to Genetic Analysis Chapter 9 Problem 39P

b) The DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) sequence possesses many nucleotides that are read as three nucleotide sequences called codons and each codon relates to a particular amino acid or stop signal. Throughout translation, codons are read in an order from the nucleotide sequence to produce amino acid chains to form protein. When a nucleotide pair is deleted, or an extra nucleotide is added into DNA, results an abnormal proteins. When the normal sequence of codons is disturbed by the deletion or insertion of one more nucleotides in a DNA sequence, it is referred as frameshift mutation.

The change in one and two amino acids are likely to be much unusual than the three changes, which is exactly the reverse mechanism in proteins. For instance, if the first is GGG, then the next codon must be GGN, where N is any base.

The single base difference that occurs between the codons for Lys – Ser and Asn – Ala in the protein sequence by the addition or deletion is as follows: