When an extra nucleotide pairs into the deoxyribonucleic acid in mutation, it results a protein in which most amino acids after the site of insertion are changed. The frame shift mutation is referred to a mutation, which occurs once the normal sequence of codons is disturbed by the deletion or insertion of one or more nucleotides in the deoxyribonucleic acid.
The deoxyribonucleic acid sequence possesses many nucleotides. They are read as three nucleotide sequences called codons. Each codon relates to a particular amino acid or stop signal. Throughout translation, codons containing sequences is read in order from the nucleotide sequence to produce amino acid chain to form protein. When an extra nucleotide pair is inserted, there will be either one extra amino acid in the protein, resulting in abnormal protein with an incorrect amino acid sequence. If a single nucleotide is deleted from the deoxyribonucleic acid sequence, then a different protein will be obtained. This new protein obtained might be working or not working.