Problem

Solutions For An Introduction to Genetic Analysis Chapter 9 Problem 6P

Step-by-Step Solution

Solution 1

Refer figure 9-10:

Ribosomal RNAs (rRNAs) are large macromolecular complexes, which are the major components of ribosomes. The rRNAs fold up by intramolecular base pairing into stable secondary structures, which are only responsible for operating the important steps in protein synthesis.

Ribosomes contain one large and one small subunit that are characterized by their rate of sedimentation and their names were derived from their sedimentation coefficients in Svedberg units. Prokaryotes contain the small and large subunits called 30S and 50S, which are combined to form 70S whereas; in eukaryotes 40S and 60S subunits associate to form 80S.

The smallest 30S subunit of prokaryotes contains the 16S rRNA and 50S subunit contains 5S and 23S rRNAs. The small ribosomal subunit 16S rRNA contains Shine-dalgarno sequence, which is formed by attaching the 3' end of the rRNA in a ribosome to the sequence on the 5' end of mRNA. This pairing positions of the ribosome, is to exactly initiate translation at AUG codon.

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